A long series of experiments, beginning in 1956 and ending around 1980, established an outline of cell wall structure and demonstrated that penicillin inhibited one of the terminal steps in its ...

All cells evolved from a common ancestor and use the same kinds of carbon-based molecules. Learn how cell function depends on a diverse group of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and sugars.

Biofilm, a slimy bacterial layer that clings to surfaces, makes infections harder to treat when they form protective shields ...

Scientists at Caltech and Princeton University have discovered that bacterial cells growing in a solution of polymers, such as mucus, form long cables ...