An expedition to a deep-sea ridge, just north of the Hawaiian Islands, revealed a surprise discovery back in 2022: an ancient ...

A team of scientists from the School of Earth Sciences and Engineering at Tomsk Polytechnic University has conducted a comprehensive study on secondary minerals, carbonates, and zeolites present in ...

Tephra is a general term for fragments of volcanic rock and lava that are blasted ... a large elongated fissure or fracture (as seen on the diagram above) or a tiny ground crack.

Rare Metal The metal iridium, which is similar to platinum, is very rare on Earth's surface but is more common in asteroids and in molten rock ... large-scale volcanic activity. Fractured Crystals ...