Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4): A protein that plays a key role in the immune system by recognizing pathogens and activating inflammatory responses. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1): A protein that ...

Immunotherapy. 2012;4(3):323-334.

Figure 2. Key molecular targets and cellular mechanisms modulated by sirtuins in renal diseases. HMGB1, high-mobility group box 1; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1; STAT3, signal transducer and ...

Oxidative Stress: Neuropathy, Excitability, and Neurodegeneration.